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1.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 24(95)jul.- sept. 2022. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-212675

RESUMO

Analizando la participación de las mujeres en los primeros congresos de Pediatría, llama la atención que una buena parte de ellas pertenecían a organizaciones feministas y que, además de su militancia, tenían una preocupación por los y las menores, por sus aspectos educativos y legales.Se han revisado las actas y publicaciones relacionadas con los cinco primeros congresos nacionales de Pediatría (CNP) (1914-1933), biografías de las participantes y publicaciones sobre el feminismo en los años 20 y 30 del pasado siglo.En los cinco primeros CNP participaron 14 mujeres: un 15% eran del ámbito sanitario, un 65%, del educativo y un 29%, del derecho. Siete de ellas pertenecían a organizaciones feministas (50%). Hay dos generaciones de feministas que participaron en los CNP. La primera militó en la Asociación Nacional de Mujeres Españolas, donde la mayoría de ellas ostentaba cargos orgánicos y su labor profesional fue la educación. La segunda, en torno a Juventud Universitaria Femenina, y su dedicación laboral fue el derecho. Su participación en los CNP fue sobre esos temas, educación y derechos de la infancia. Así mismo, impulsaron otras actividades en defensa de la infancia a nivel social, como las 'cantinas escolares', los 'desayunos escolares' o el 'club infantil' de tiempo libre para las clases más desfavorecidas.Las mujeres que se han estudiado, desde su concepción feminista de la vida, no solo trabajaron por los derechos de la mujer, sino que se esforzaron por mejorar la vida de la infancia y el reconocimiento de sus derechos. (AU)


Analysing the participation of women in the first paediatric congresses, it stands out that many of them belonged to feminist organisations and that, in addition to the pursuit of their cause, they were concerned about children, including educational and legal aspects.We reviewed the minutes and publications related to the first five National Paediatric Congresses (NCPs) (1914-1933), biographies of the participants and publications on feminism in the 1920s and 1930s.Fourteen women participated in the first 5 NPCs, 15% from the health care field, 65% from the field of education and 29% from the field of law. Seven of them belonged to feminist organisations (50%). Two generations of feminists participated in the NPCs. Women from the first generation were actively involved in the National Association of Spanish Women, most of who held positions in administration and worked in the education field. Women from the second generation were organised around the Juventud Universitaria Femenina (University Young Women’s Organization) and worked in law. Their participation in the NPCs had to do with these issues, education and children’s rights. They also promoted other activities to advocate for children at a social level, such as the “school canteens”, “school breakfasts” or the “Children’s Club”, which provided leisure activities for disadvantaged groups.The women whose activity we reviewed, through their feminist perspective of life, not only worked for women’s rights, but also strove to improve the lives of children and to achieve the recognition of their rights. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , História do Século XX , Congressos como Assunto/história , Feminismo/história , Cuidado da Criança/história , Saúde da Criança/história , Espanha
2.
An. pediatr. (2003. Ed. impr.) ; 97(3): 199-205, Sept. 2022. tab, graf, ilus
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-207806

RESUMO

Introducción: La utilización de medidas no farmacológicas para disminuir el dolor en la vacunación se ha estudiado extensamente en lactantes, pero hay menos estudios sobre su efectividad en niños mayores y sobre la valoración de los padres del dolor observado en los niños. Metodología: Estudio multicéntrico, de intervención, cuasiexperimental con grupo control. Pacientes: Lactantes de 2 y 11meses, y niños de 4años que acuden para vacunación sistemática. Ámbito: Atención primaria. Intervención durante la inmunización: Los lactantes recibieron lactancia materna. Los niños de 4años soplaron un matasuegras. El grupo control siguió la práctica habitual. Medición: escala NIPS (Escala de dolor infantil y neonatal) y duración del llanto en los lactantes. Dibujos faciales de Wong-Baker para los niños mayores y padres. Resultados: Participaron 125 niños (60 intervención; 65 control). Hubo una disminución significativa de la sensación de dolor en los grupos de intervención: puntuación NIPS en lactantes (3,8±1,1 frente a 5,2±0,7 [p<0,001]). Escala de Wong-Baker a los 4años (3,3±1,7 frente a 4,2±1,6 [p=0,042]). Esas mismas diferencias a favor de la intervención se observan en la valoración de los padres (3,4±1,3 frente a 4,5±1,5 [p<0,001]). La correlación de las puntuaciones de niños y padres fue altamente positiva: 0,7 (IC95%: 0,59-0,78). Sin embargo, el tiempo de duración del llanto fue mayor en el grupo intervención. Conclusiones: La utilización de medidas distractoras consigue la disminución del dolor en los niños y la percepción del dolor de los padres disminuye, lo que aumenta la satisfacción de estos con el procedimiento. (AU)


Introduction: The use of nonpharmacological measures to reduce pain during vaccination has been studied extensively in infants, but there are fewer studies on its effectiveness in older children and on the parental perception of pain in children. Methods: We conducted a multicentre, quasi-experimental interventional study with a control group. Patients: Infants aged 2 and 11 months and children aged 4 years that attended routine vaccination appointments. Setting: Primary care. Intervention during vaccination: infants were breastfed and 4-year-old children blew a party horn. Control: vaccination performed following routine practice. Measurement: NIPS (Neonatal Infant Pain Scale) and duration of crying in infants, Wong−Baker FACES pain rating scale in older children and parents. Results: The study included 125 children (intervention: 60; control: 65). There was a significant decrease in perceived pain in the intervention groups: NIPS score in infants, 3.8±1.1 compared to 5.2±0.7 (P<.001); Wong−Baker FACES score at 4 years of 3.3±1.7 compared to 4.2±1.6 (P=.042). These same differences in support of the intervention were reflected in the parental assessments (3.4±1.3 vs 4.5±1.5; P<.001). The correlation between child and parent scores was strongly positive: 0.7 (95% CI, 0.59–0.78). However, the duration of crying was longer in the intervention group. Conclusions: The use of distraction techniques reduces pain in children and the pain perceived by parents in their children, thus increasing their satisfaction with the procedure. (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Analgesia , Vacinação , Medição da Dor , Ensaios Clínicos Controlados não Aleatórios como Assunto , Espanha , Programas de Imunização
3.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed) ; 97(3): 199-205, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35906154

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: The use of nonpharmacological measures to reduce pain during vaccination has been studied extensively in infants, but there are fewer studies on its effectiveness in older children and on the parental perception of pain in children. METHODS: We conducted a multicentre, quasi-experimental interventional study with a control group. PATIENTS: infants aged 2-11 months and children aged 4 years that attended routine vaccination appointments. SETTING: Primary care. Intervention during vaccination: infants were breastfed and 4-year-old children blew a party horn. CONTROL: vaccination performed following routine practice. MEASUREMENT: NIPS (Neonatal Infant Pain Scale) and duration of crying in infants, Wong-Baker FACES pain rating scale in older children and parents. RESULTS: The study included 125 children (intervention: 60; control: 65). There was a significant decrease in perceived pain in the intervention groups: NIPS score in infants, 3.8 ± 1.1 compared to 5.2 ± 0.7 (P < .001); Wong-Baker FACES score at 4 years of 3.3 ± 1.7 compared to 4.2 ± 1.6 (P = .042). These same differences in support of the intervention were reflected in the parental assessments (3.4 ± 1.3 vs 4.5 ± 1.5; P < .001). The correlation between child and parent scores was strongly positive: 0.7 (95% CI, 0.59-0.78). However, the duration of crying was longer in the intervention group. CONCLUSION: The use of distraction techniques reduces pain in children and the pain perceived by parents in their children, thus increasing their satisfaction with the procedure.


Assuntos
Manejo da Dor , Dor , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Dor/etiologia , Dor/prevenção & controle , Manejo da Dor/métodos , Medição da Dor/métodos , Pediatras , Percepção , Vacinação
8.
Pediatr. aten. prim ; 20(80): e109-e112, oct.-dic. 2018. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-180969

RESUMO

El liquen estriado es una genodermatosis inflamatoria lineal de carácter benigno que suele ser autolimitada. Habitualmente se presenta en la edad preescolar y es más frecuente en el sexo femenino. Clínicamente se caracteriza por pápulas de 2 a 4 mm de diámetro que forman bandas siguiendo las líneas de Blaschko. Suelen ser lesiones únicas y unilaterales. Afecta generalmente a las extremidades. El diagnóstico suele ser clínico y no requiere pruebas complementarias. Presentamos el caso de una niña de seis años con una lesión lineal en la extremidad inferior formada por pápulas rosadas que siguen las líneas de Blaschko y se extienden desde el maléolo interno al muslo, sin antecedente traumáticos. No existen otros antecedentes patológicos de interés. Ante este tipo de lesiones se debe realizar el diagnóstico diferencial con las patologías que siguen las líneas de Blaschko como nevus epidérmico verrucoso lineal, incontinencia pigmenti, enfermedad de Darier lineal, poroqueratosis lineal e hipomelanosis de Ito, entre otras, aunque la morfología es muy típica y en los casos de lesiones únicas, en niñas, lineales y en extremidades inferiores no ofrece grandes problemas diagnósticos


Lichen striatus is a linear self-limited inflammatory genodermatosis. It mostly affects preschoolers, more often in females. It is characterized by pagues of 2-4 mm organized in linear bands following the lines of Blaschko. These findings are usually unique and unilateral, affecting principally extremities. The diagnosis is clinical, no requiring complementary tests. We present the case of a six-year-old girl with a linear lesion consisting in pink papules following the Blaschko's lines, starting in the internal malleolus of the lower extremity and spreading to the thigh. No history of traumatic event at that level. No other pathological background of interest. Comments: the differential diagnosis of lichen striatus includes other dermatoses that follow the Blaschko lines such as inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal naevus, incontinentia pigmenti, linear Darier's disease, linear porokeratosis, or hypomelanosis of Ito. The morphology of the lesions is characteristic, so cases of single lesions, linear, in lower extremities and in girls should not offer great diagnostic problems


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Erupções Liquenoides/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias Papuloescamosas/diagnóstico , Nevo/diagnóstico , Dermatite/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial
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